Prionospio

Prionospio sp. PIP2

Family: 
Spionidae
Genus: 
Prionospio
Species binomial name, or informal name: 
Prionsopio sp. PIP#2
Authority: 
Iris Altamira
Material Examined: 
<p style="line-height: 20px; font: normal normal normal 12px/normal Verdana; margin: 0px">Central Pacific Abyssal plain, &amp;#39;Kaplan Site E&amp;#39;, sample CRS830 14°55.85N 119°2.97W, 4076m coll. 26/2/03 (1 specimen, KP77), CRS822 14°57.34N 119°1.18W, 4038m coll. 24/2/03 (1 specimen, KP153).</p>
Voucher: Ocean Basin: 
Central Equatorial Pacific
Voucher: Cruise/Expedition: 
Kaplan Cruise 1
Voucher: Location: 
14°55.85N 119°2.97W
Voucher: Depth: 
4076
Voucher: Sample: 
CRS830
Voucher: Repository: 
Natural History Museum, London
Description: 

Voucher specimen incomplete, 34 chaetigers long, small threadlike, 650µm wide at first chaetiger. Colour in alcohol pale, white. General appearance slightly inflated and dorso-ventrally flattened from chaetiger 2-9, 'bristly' appearance.

Prostomium bottle-shaped, broadly rounded frontal margin, sometimes anvil-shaped. Eyes absent. Caruncle to anterior margin of chaetiger 2. Peristomium narrow.

Branchiae three pairs, on chaetigers 2-4. First pair of branchiae narrow, digiform, clear with 'bubbly' look, slightly shorter or equal to length of dorsal lamellae of chaetiger 3, arising proximal to the dorsal mid-line. Second pair of branchiae digiform, tapering, half length or less than first branchial pair, arising posterior to the dorsal lamellae. Third pair of branchiae, short, strap-like, equal to in length or shorter than second branchial pair. All branchiae apinnate.

Dorsal lamellae of chaetiger 1 reduced, or absent, on chaetiger 2 becoming foliose, maximal in size on chaetiger 3, thereafter becoming smaller and progressively more sub-triangular. After chaetiger 9, lamellae are low ridges. Ventral lamellae fan shaped, becoming reduced in posterior segments. Small, pre-chaetal lamellae present in chaetigers 6-13, visible as a papilla-like bulge.

Notochaetae simple capillaries, in densely packed fascicles from chaetigers 2-10. Neurochaetae in two rows, simple capillaries only in anterior region, in densely packed fasicles from chaetigers 3-12. Neuropodial hooded hooks from chaetiger 17-18. Hooks multi-dentate with 2-3 small fangs above the main tooth.

Remarks: 

This species is distinguished from other Prionospio by the arrangement and appearance of branchiae and dorsal lamellae. The first pair of branchiae are distinctly 'antenna-like', arising distinctly close to the mid-line of the dorsum.

Location

United States
14° 55' 51.6" N, 119° 2' 58.2" W

Prionospio sp. D (HERMES canyons)

Family: 
Spionidae
Genus: 
Prionospio
Species binomial name, or informal name: 
Prionospio sp. D (HERMES canyons)
Authority: 
L. Neal
Material Examined: 
Project/Cruise Hermes, CD 179 Locality Iberian margin - Setubal canyon Sample/Dive # 56804#6 Gear Megacores Sample notes Sed. depth:0-1cm; Mesh: 500microns; Depth: 3260m
Voucher: Ocean Basin: 
North Atlantic
Voucher: Cruise/Expedition: 
HERMES CD 179
Voucher: Location: 
Iberian margin - Setubal canyon
Voucher: Depth: 
3260m
Voucher: Sample: 
56804#6
Voucher: Repository: 
NHM London
Description: 

 

Branchiae a/p, from setiger: present, 4 pairs, from setiger 2

 

 

Arrangement and shape of branchiae: 1st and 4th pair long, cylindrical, smooth to slightly wrinkled but without pinnules, 1st pair longer, ratio: 2:1, 2nd and 3rd pair short, fleshy sub-triangular-like

 

 

Prostomium shape:  rectangular, anteriorly slightly rounded, peristomium collar-like, not forming lateral wings

 

 

Antenna a/p: absent, distinct caruncle reaches past the posterior of 1st segment

 

Dorsal crest:  postsetal lamellae from setiger 6 extending dorsally, margin with opposite lamella and forming low dorsal crest, which gets larger in subsequent segments

 

 

Saber chaetae from setiger no.: 19, single or 2, curved, stout but less than in P. sp. A (HERMES), distal end (from half-way up granulated

 

Neuropodial hooks from setiger no. : 20

 

Shape of postsetal neuropodial lamellae:  rectangular,

 

Type of neuropodial hooks:  multidentate with 4 teeth above the main one, with inflated hood, secondary hood present, about 10 per fascicle

 

Remarks: 

This species approaches P. ehlersi, Fauvel 1923, the most obvi-ous difference is lack of pinnules on long branchiae from 2nd seg-ment in HERMES specimens.

Illustrations: 

LM photographs, attached as PDF

Location

United States
38° 9' 15.48" N, 9° 36' 56.52" W

Prionospio sp. B (HERMES caynons)

Family: 
Spionidae
Genus: 
Prionospio
Species binomial name, or informal name: 
Prionospio sp. B (HERMES caynons)
Authority: 
L. Neal
Material Examined: 
Project/Cruise HERMES/ CD 179 Locality Cascais canyon Sample/Dive # 56823#3 Gear MG Sample notes Sed. depth:1-3cm; Mesh: 500microns; Depth: 3205m
Voucher: Ocean Basin: 
North Atlantic
Voucher: Cruise/Expedition: 
HERMES/CD179 (Charles Darwin)
Voucher: Location: 
Iberian margin - Setubal canyon
Voucher: Depth: 
3205m
Voucher: Sample: 
56823#3
Voucher: Repository: 
NHM London
Description: 

Overall appearance:  all specimens very thin, threadlike, uniform in width throughout

 

 

Branchiae a/p:  1 pair on 3rd setiger,  tiny, attached to dorsal lobe

 

 

Prostomium shape: anteriorly rounded, longer than wide, caruncle reaching to the posterior of first segment, peristomium  forming collar without lateral wings

 

 

Saber chaetae from setiger no.: 10, stout, strongly curved, single chaetae, with obvious hood, no granulation

 

 

Neuropodial hooks from setiger no. : 11-12

 

 

Type of neuropodial hooks: multidentate, about 4 teeth?, squarish  primary hood, secondary hood present but nor very distinct

 

 

Remarks: 

Enlarged and elongated 3rd neuropodia, forming thin but distinct wing-like structure

 

This species may belong to genus Aurospio (branchiae on 3 rd segment)

 

 

Previous records: Setubal canyon 1995 study as Spionidae A and Alal,   

 

 

Iris (from Hawaii) had very likely this specimen from abyssal Altantic? As PIP#333(?) need to check with her to confirm

 

Illustrations: 

LM photographs, attached as PDF

Location

United States
38° 17' 59.28" N, 9° 47' 4.2" W

Prionospio sp. A (HERMES canyons)

Family: 
Spionidae
Genus: 
Prionospio
Species binomial name, or informal name: 
Prionospio sp. A (HERMES canyons)
Authority: 
L. Neal
Material Examined: 
Project/CruiseHERMES/CD179 LocalityIberian margin - Setubal canyonSample/Dive #56816#1 GearMegacoresSample notesMesh:0.5mm; Sed. depth:0-1cm; Depth:3305m
Voucher: Ocean Basin: 
North Atlantic
Voucher: Cruise/Expedition: 
HERMES/CD179
Voucher: Location: 
Iberian margin - Setubal canyon
Voucher: Depth: 
3305m
Voucher: Sample: 
56816#1
Voucher: Repository: 
NHM London
Description: 
Branchiae a/p: present, 4 pairs
 
Branchiae start from setiger no.:    2
Arrangement and shape of branchiae:  4 pairs, 1>4 at ratio 4:1, 1st and 4th pairwrinkled, widest in the middle, 2nd and 3rd pair short fleshy subtriangular-like
 
Prostomium shape: anteriorly truncated, rectangular bottle shaped, 1 pair of eyes, peristomium forming distinct lateral wings
 
Antenna a/p: absent, but distinct caruncle reaching
 
Saber chaetae from setiger no.: 10, single,  stout and curved, granulated at the tip
 
Neuropodial hooks from setiger no. :  mostly on 12, occasionally on 13
 
Shape of neuropodial postsetal lamellae:  rectangular/ rounded, particularly enlarge on segment 2 – 5
 
Type of neuropodial hooks: multidentate, with secondary hood, largely inflated an squarish, around 7 per fascicle, with 4 smaller teeth above the man one
 
Pouches: present, from seg. no. 7; not observed in some specimens – due to damage?
 
Dorsal crest: present is some specimens on seg. no. 6
Remarks: 

Remarks In some specimens the 1st and 4th branchiae can be longer and thinner, branchiae can be easily lost. Staining: prostomium+peristomium and seg. X - XV Wrinkled branchiae – affiliation to Minuspio fauchaldi Maciole, 1985(branchiae 1=4, saber ch, delicate)) and M. laciniosa Maciolek 1985 (presence of dorsal flaps, triangular prostomium). Previous record: Setubal canyon 1995 study drawings, 3400m. Spionidae sp. Hcx (n=498) is very likely the same species. It was the second most abundant polychaete and spionid in that study.

Illustrations: 

LM photographs, attached as PDF

Location

United States
38° 9' 16.2" N, 9° 36' 56.52" W

Prionospio sensu stricto

Authority: 
Malmgren, 1867
Type species: 

Prionospio steenstrupi

Diagnosis: 

Prostomium anteriorly rounded, eyes present or absent, occipital antenna absent. Branchiae from chaetiger 2, limited to anterior chaetigers between 2-15 pairs. Branchiae appinate or pinnate, or a combination. Anterior chaetae capillaries, posterior noto and neurochaetae with multi-dentate hooded hooks, sometimes with neuropodial sabre chaetae. Pygidium with 1 medial cirrus and lateral lobes.

Remarks: 

Recent reviews of the Prionospio complex include Sigvaldadottir 1998.

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